In a recent review published in the journal Nutrients, researchers in the United States conducted a comprehensive review comprising more than 100 peer-reviewed large-scale epidemiological studies and meta-analyses to elucidate the physiological benefits of coffee consumption.
Review findings revealed that moderate coffee consumption is associated with more benefits than harms, with epidemiological evidence consistently demonstrating that three to five cups of coffee per day is linked to a lower risk of all-cause mortality and a reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and several types of cancer. The review also noted benefits across conditions such as respiratory disease, kidney disease, and reduced risk of frailty and accidents.